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Abrus precatorius L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Abreae

GENUS: Abrus Adans.

Abrus precatorius L. [Preferred name]
    Abrus abrus (L.)Wright {Synonym}
    Abrus cyaneus R.Vig. {Synonym}
    Abrus maculatus Noronha {Synonym}
    Abrus minor Desv. {Synonym}
    Abrus pauciflorus Desv. {Synonym}
    Abrus precatorius var. novo-guineensis Miq. {Synonym}
    Abrus squamulosus E.Mey. {Synonym}
    Abrus tunguensis Lima {Synonym}
    Glycine abrus L. {Synonym}

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Bead Vine [3030, 3382]; Black-eyed Susan [2153]; Cascavelle [1915]; Chirmi [3030]; Crab's Eyes [261, 1056, 1430, 1790, 1902, 1941, 2136]; Crab's-eye Vine [2266]; Diridamu [2264]; Graine Diable [1915]; Graine Rouge [3056]; Graines D'Eglise [2136]; Gunchi [3030]; Gwen Leglise [1790]; Herbe de Diable [1915]; Indian Liqourice [3030, 3382]; Indian Liquorice [1941]; Jequirity [261, 2968]; Jequirity Bean [1902, 3030, 3382]; Jiquiriti [1231]; John Crow Bead [453]; Jumbee Bead [1430]; Jumbie Bead [2136]; Jumbie Bean [1790]; Kundu-mani [4751]; Kuntu-mani [4751]; Lele [2264]; Leredamu [2264]; Liane Reglisse [1941]; Licorice [1790]; Marronne [1915]; Masogaga [3402]; Masomamboatorana [3402]; Masonamboatora [3402]; Masonombilahy [3402]; Matora [3402]; Ojo De Cangrejo [1430]; Olinda [1587]; Olinda-wel [1587]; Peonia [1409, 1645]; Peronia [1430]; Peronila [2157]; Pipi Tio [2968]; Pitipitio [2968]; Pois Rouge [2157]; Pomea Mataila [2266]; Precatory Bean [1902]; Quinquet [2157]; Rati [3030]; Red Bean Vine [1056]; Reglis [3058]; Reglisse [1915, 2157]; Reglisse Marronne [1915]; Reglisse d'Amerique [2157]; Rosary Pea [261, 1902, 1941, 2968]; Sarmai [3030]; Soldat [1915]; Tento [1231]; Voakatao [3402]; Voamaintilahy [3402]; Voamaintilama [3402]; Voamantilany [3402]; Voamantora [3402]; Voamatora [3402]; Voamena [3402]; Voamina [3402]; Wild Licorice [1430]; Wild Liquorice [1056]; Wire Wiss [1790]; Yeux de Corbeaux [3402]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Angola (N) [216]; Benin (N) [212]; Botswana (N) [8]; Cameroon (N) [8]; Cape Verde (N) [268]; Chad (N) [64]; Equatorial Guinea (N) [212]; Ethiopia (N) [24]; Gabon (N) [16]; Ghana (N) [212]; Guinea (N) [212]; Kenya (N) [210]; Liberia (N) [212]; Malawi (N) [8]; Mali (N) [212, 561]; Mozambique (N) [8]; Namibia (N) [232]; Niger (N) [78]; Nigeria (N) [212]; Rwanda (N) [220]; Sao Tome & Principe (N) [217]; Senegal (N) [212]; Sierra Leone (N) [212]; Somalia (N) [8, 2457]; South Africa (N) [8, 3057]; Natal [3057]; Sudan (N) [29]; Tanzania (N) [210]; Togo (N) [212]; Uganda (N) [210]; Zaire (N) [230]; Zambia (N) [28]; Zimbabwe (N) [8]
  Asia
Bangladesh (N) [3366]; Bhutan (N) [1947]; Cambodia (N) [1937]; China (N) [243, 3414]; Guangdong [3414]; Guangxi [3414]; Yunnan [3414]; India (N) [243, 1914, 1944, 3017, 3027, 3028, 3040, 3056, 3092, 3094, 3115, 3140, 3366, 3370, 3371, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3380, 3387, 3388, 3584, 3635]; Andhra Pradesh [3635]; Arunachal Pradesh [3040]; Assam [3370]; Bihar [3371]; Dadra-Nagar-Haveli [3094]; Daman [3094]; Delhi [3372]; Diu [3094]; Goa [3094]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3584]; Karnataka [1944]; Kerala [3380]; Madhaya Pradesh [3375]; Maharashtra [3115]; Manipur [3366]; Meghalaya [3366]; Mizoram [3366]; Nagaland [3366]; Orissa [3376]; Pondicherry [3366]; Punjab [3366, 3377]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [3366]; Tamil Nadu [3027]; Tripura [3092]; Uttar Pradesh [3387]; West Bengal [3388]; Yanan [3366]; Indonesia (N) [243, 261, 3898, 3967]; Irian Jaya (N) [261]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Laos (N) [1937]; Malaysia (N) [243, 2111]; Myanmar (N) [243]; Nepal (N) [2898, 3369]; Pakistan (N) [1938]; Peninsular Malaysia (N) [2111]; Philippines (N) [243, 270]; Singapore (I) [2111]; Sri Lanka (N) [243, 1587]; Sumatera (N) [3967]; Taiwan (N) [1929, 3414]; Thailand (N) [1937, 3465]; Vietnam (N) [1937]
  Australasia
Australia (N) [210, 261, 3055]; Papua New Guinea (N) [261]
  Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda (N) [1790]; Bahamas (N) [2153]; Barbados (N) [1790]; Cayman Is (N) [453, 1056]; Cuba (U) [1102, 1409]; Dominica (N) [1790, 2136]; Dominican Republic (U) [2157]; Grenada (N) [1790]; Guadeloupe (N) [1290, 1790]; Haiti (U) [2157]; Jamaica (N) [1056]; Martinique (N) [1290, 1790]; Montserrat (N) [1790]; Netherlands Leeward Is (N) [1790]; Puerto Rico (N) [1430]; St Kitts-Nevis (N) [1790]; St Martin-St Barthelemy (N) [1790]; St Vincent (N) [1790]
  Central America
Belize (N) [1242, 1645]; Costa Rica (N) [1645, 1658]; Guatemala (N) [1645]; Mexico(South East) (N) [1645]; Nicaragua (N) [3348]; Panama (N) [1224, 1243]
  Indian Ocean
Aldabra (U) [1941]; Assumption I [1941]; Coetivy I [1941]; Andaman Is (N) [3038, 3389]; Comoro Is (U) [3054, 4747]; Anjouan I [4747]; Grande Comore I [4747]; Moheli I [4747]; Madagascar (N) [210, 3052, 3402]; Mauritius (U) [210, 1915, 3052]; Mayotte (U) [3054, 4747]; Reunion (U) [1915, 3053]; Rodrigues (I) [1915]; Seychelles (N) [210, 1941]
  North America
United States (I) [1360, 1431, 3157]; Florida [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Bismarck Archipelago (N) [261]; Fiji (N) [1940, 2264]; Niue (I) [2266]; Society Is (N) [2968]
  South America
Brazil (N) [1103, 1231, 1233, 1414]; Colombia (N) [1292]; French Guiana (N) [1408]; Guyana (N) [2285]; Peru (N) [1442]; Surinam (N) [2285]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Lake Victoria regional mosaic; bushland and thicket [210];
    Lake Victoria regional transition zone; grasslands [210];
    Somalia-Masai bushland and thicket [210];
    Somalia-Masai grasslands [210];
    Sudanian bushland and thicket [210];
    Sudanian grasslands [210];
    Zambezian bushland and thicket [210];
    Zambezian grassland [210];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [210, 230, 261, 453, 1056, 1360, 1430, 1470, 1587, 1790, 1919, 1929, 1937, 1938, 1940, 1941, 1947, 2111, 2153, 2157, 2264, 3055, 3372, 3386, 3402, 3414, 3898] ; Illustration [261, 269, 453, 1587, 1790, 1919, 1929, 1937, 1940, 2153, 2157, 3372, 3386, 3414]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Climbing [261] [1941] [3402] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-04 Seneviratne GI (Sinhala & Tamil Names), 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3157] [3348], 2005-10 Agababian M - Ed.scr.French Names ; Habit: Herb [3402], Shrub [261] [1941] [3402] ; Lifespan: Perennial [261] [3055] [3402] ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1991-1994 Allkin R & Verdcourt B, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucchi JL, 1994 (Indo-China) Lock JM & Hea

  
USES:
  Domestic [261, 1587, 1937]; Fibre [14]; Food and Drink [1937, 3056]; Medicine [14, 52, 1587, 1938, 3030, 3034, 3402, 3465]; Miscellaneous [1947, 2264, 3030, 3034]; Toxins [14, 24, 52, 1587, 1938, 1941, 3402]; Weed [2968]

  
NOTES:
  Seeds contain abrin, one of the most potent toxic principles known. [2968]
  Widespread in the Old World. Typical subspecies in Asia; another in Africa. [243]
  Widely cultivated and naturalized in the New World; almos always the African [243]
  subspecies. [243]
  Ssp. africanus occurs in Trop. Africa and Indian Ocean. []
  Native to Tropical Africa. [3055]

  
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